Base for metal-cutting compounds and process of preparing the same



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. I

ononen w. rREssELL, or rnrriennnrnm, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB 'ro E. F. HOU'GHTON a 00., or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A oonPoRA'rIoN'or I rnNNsYLvA IA.

FOR METAIi-CUTTING COMPOUNDS AND PROCESS OF PREPARING THE No Drawing.

To all whom it mag/concern:

Be it known that LGEoRcE W. PRESSELL, a citizen of the United States, residing in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania have invented Improved Bases for Metal-Cutting Compounds and Processes of Preparing the' aims, tion. I V

My invention relates to the class of oleof which the following is a specificalo aginous products known as cutting. oils,

or cutting oil compounds, such as are employed to cool metal while it is being cut by a suitable tool, and also cool the curled chip v which rubs against the cutting tool. A conv tinuous stream of cutting oil or cutting oil compound is directed against the tool and the work, and the heat-conducting properties of the oil oroleaginous compound conduce to a clean cut and lengthen the life of an the cutting tool.

The purpose of my invention is two-fold; one ob ect being to supply a greatly improved product of the type referred to, and a further object being to supply such product in an improved form, which-will have many advantages over the form in which cutting oils and similar materials are at the present time offered to the trade, and which will have the additional advantages of being comparatively cheap for the use for which it ispro'duced', and of being ready for use when delivered, or for admixture with water or a mineral oil, or other suitable diluent.

A further and important object of my in vention is to provide a product that is stable under all conditions, and in carrying out my invention I provide a combination of ingredients producing a body that is stable in the concentrated form. as well as in the 40 diluted condition ready for use, which dilution has resulted from an admixture of a relatively lar e proportion of a mineral oil or other suita le diluent. This condition of stability is a highly important matter in products of this character,'since it insures a much greater opportunity for successful use in the performance of the function for which the, product is intended. 3

base islsoluble in the proper oil or oleaginous material which serves as a diluent; the mixture being effected without heat, and being Specification of Letters Patent.

- In tlfimse of my improved product, the

' thoroughly homogeneous. This mixture is described is furnished to the trade or con-- sumer in the form of a concentrated base, whlch when mixed in proper proportions with a mineral oil, or what is commonlyv called a hydro-carbon oil, of comparative fluldity, such for example as one of that group of oils commonly called paraflin oils; or that group of mineral oils known as distillated, and generally described by the trade names of neutral oils; filtered neutral oils; red neutral oils; 300 miners burning oil; 150 headlight or kerosene oils; 125 burning oil or kerosene; and allied products, will give the finished working product.

The preferred process by which I form my improved product, which I term a re fri erant base, is as follows T e ingredients, which may comprise wool fat or distilled .wool grease, sulfur, lard oil and paraflin oil are mixed together, and the whole brought to a temperature of approximately 350 Fahr., at which temperature the sulfur'will be completely dissolved, and combined with the other constituents.

p In some cases I have found it advantageous to first thoroughly dissolve the sulfur in the wool fat or distilled wool grease, by bringing the wool fat or distilled wool grease slowly to, a temperature of 350 F ahr. and slowly adding the sulfur during the process of heating. When this mixture of wool fat or distilled wool grease and sulfur has reached the stated temperature and the sulfur is thoroughly dissolved, the lard oil and paraffin oils, which have been heated in a separate receptacle to 300 Fahiz, are added to the wool fat or distilled wool grease and sulfur mixture; the mass being agitated during the mixing process. The mixture is then allowed to 0001, after which Patented Feb. 1. 1921; Application filed March 25, 1919. Serial No. 284,980.

it may be perfumed inany suitable manner,

a small quantity ofv a suitable antiseptic added, and it is then ready for the market as a irefrfgerant base.

As a preferred formula. I may give the following Wool fat or distilled wool grease. ap-

from 25 to 100 pounds of refrigerant base to a barrel of mineral oil. Will be found to give excellent results, the "refrigerant base adding greatly to the heat absorbing qualities 0 the oils or oleaginous material employed. The mixture of refrigerant base and mineral oil may be used in its normal form, or in the form of an emulsion with alkali water as desired.

When the refrigerant base is added to paraflin or other oils, the application of heat is u'nnecessar since, owing to the syrupy consistency o the refrigerant base. its peculiar make-up, the methods used in its manufacture for incorporating the component parts, and to the relative roportions of the materials used, the refrigerant base dissolves thorou hly without heat and with but very little agitation, and possesses the same homogeneity and stability in the diluted condition as it did in the concentrated form.

The advantages of a refrigerant base such as I have described will be apparent. An amount of base necessary for making up a large quantit of cutting oil or-cutting oil compound wil have com aratively small bulk, insuring ease of han in and storing, and a. great decrease in the eightage expenses.- As explained, the solvent for the refrigerant base can be a mineral, neutral or burning oil, and these products can be picked up economically in territories adjacent to refineries at whlch they are produced, and b mixin the refrigerant base with the so vent pic ed up at these various points.-

a large saving is effected in cost of transportatlon, and investment on goods while in 1311111511) and in carrying a stock to protect against delay in-shipments from a dlstance. The use ofthis base means a material savmg in-the overall expenses, and thereis the additional advantage that the cutting 'oilor cutting oil compound may be mixed to any desire density to increase production or insure a longer life of tools. to meet the requirements of the particular work involved,

v merely chang ng the proportions of the :ase and the m1neral or other oils with vnich it may be diluted.

3y the employment of the base described, I have secured an increase in efficiency of the product. as compared with cutting oils or utting 011 compounds in common use; discoloration of the metal is eliminated; the product can be readily made antiseptic; LVOldlIlg all danger of infection in handling, and in use the cutting fluid shows but little, it any, change in temperature and there is no smoking such as commonly occurs with orlinary cutting oils or cutting oil compounds.

it will be understood that in the broader aspect of my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the specific ingredients named in ne formula. as other animal, vegetable and mineral products can be substituted and good results obtained. Nor do I wish to be confined to the particular proportions of ingreolients mentioned as the percentages may oe varied within wide limits.

I claim:

A cooling composition for use on metal cutting tools. comprising a stabilized base of ammal fat. sulfur and paraffin oil, capable of forming a permanent dilute solution with hydrocarbon mineral oil.

2. A cooling composition for use on metal cutting tools comprising a stabilized base of wool. fat sulfur. lard oil and paraffin oil, capable of forming a permanent dilute solution with hydrocarbon mineral oil.

3. A stabilized base for a cooling composition for use on metal cutting tools comprisng 30 parts of wool fat, 13 parts of sulfur, 26 parts of lard oil and 31 parts of parafiin oil 28 Baum.

t. The process of preparing a metal cutting oil compound, w ich conslsts in dissolving sulfur in a hot mixture of animal fats and paraflin oil, allowing the mass to cool and thereafter forming a dilute solution of the same in a mineral hydrocarbon oil.

5. The process of preparing a base for a cutting o1l compound, which consists in bringing animal fat to a. tem erature of about 350 F.. slowly adding su fur thereto during the heatin process, and then adding zmueral oil and ot er animal fat heated to a temperature of about 300 F.

iEORGE W. PRESSELL. 

